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Everybody knows that too much cholesterol in your blood is bad for you, but what exactly is cholesterol? Cholesterol is a body fat which, together with triglyceride, is an important component of cells and essential in the synthesis of hormones by the body. Without cholesterol, the body would not be viable, but the presence of too much cholesterol in the blood can lead to hardening and narrowing of the arteries. When this occurs in the brain, it can lead to strokes and also restricts the flow of blood to and from the heart. There are basically two types of cholesterol: high density and low density. The high density, called high density lipoprotein (HDL) is good, and the low density lipoprotein (LDL) is bad. Although HDL is useful to the body and the liver, the LDL can cause atherosclerosis which causes problems with the heart. The amount of cholesterol in the blood is measured by taking a blood sample then analyzing the amount of cholesterol present. The average of the two types in the average person is 5.7 mmol/l (millimoles per litre). Ideally, the level should be below 5, whereas from 5 to 6.4 is mildly high, from 6.5 to 7.8 is moderately high and above 7.8 is very high. However, the ratio of HDL to LDL is obviously also significant, and it is possible to have a high total cholesterol level without any detectable adverse effect on the body. It is when there is too much LDL that the problems begin. Although high cholesterol can be inherited, it is also affected by the diet, and blood samples for the measurement of cholesterol levels are taken after a 12 hour fast, during which only water can be consumed. The measurement is invalid under any other circumstances. The blood is then analyzed for the total amount of cholesterol present and the relative amounts of the two types.
The blood cholesterol level is one of the critical health indicators used by health professionals to assess your overall state of health and you should be doing all that you reasonable can to keep it at a healthy level. | |||||||
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